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Emollients
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Keep away from fire, flames and cigarettes when using all types of emollients (both paraffin-based and paraffin-free). Dressings, clothing and bedding that have been in contact with an emollient can easily catch fire. Washing fabrics at high temperatures may reduce the build-up of an emollient, but does not remove it completely.
Be careful not to slip when using emollients in a bath or shower, or on a tiled floor. Protect the floor with a non-slip mat, towel or sheet. Wear protective gloves, wash your bath or shower afterwards with hot water and washing-up liquid, then dry with a kitchen towel.
The risk of severe and fatal burns with emollients containing more than 50% paraffins was communicated in January 2008 and April 2016 via Drug Safety Update, in addition to the National Patient Safety Agency alert in 2007.
Background: Several studies have evaluated prophylactic emollients as a preventive strategy against atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA). We aimed to synthesize the evidence on efficacy and safety of prophylactic emollients started during the first 6 weeks of infancy for prevention of AD and FA.
Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, BIOSIS, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically for randomized controlled trials published between January 2000 and July 2020, which assessed the effects of prophylactic emollients initiated within the first 6 weeks of life on the development of AD within 24 months of age, compared to no treatment. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and GRADE process, respectively.
Results: Of the 1486 articles identified, 10 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. In infants given emollients, there was no significant reduction on the development of AD (risk ratio (RR) 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64, 1.10) compared to the control group. However, there was significant benefit of prophylactic emollients (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-1.11) in the high-risk population (n = 8 studies). There was also significant benefit (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43, 0.81) in studies (n = 6) where emollients were used continuously to the point of AD assessment; but not when treatment was ceased for an interval before AD assessment. There were no protective effects on FA found.
Conclusion: The prophylactic application of emollients initiated in early infancy may prevent AD, especially in high-risk populations and when used continuously. We hypothesize that emollients may delay rather than prevent AD.
Other names: emollients, moisturizers, topical moisturizersWhat are Topical emollientsTopical emollients are creams, lotions, or ointments that contain ingredients that soothe and soften the skin. The word emollient means a preparation that softens the skin. Another name for an emollient is a moisturizer.
Occlusive emollients such as lanolin, emulsifying ointment, and liquid paraffin work by covering the skin with a protective film, preventing water loss. Humectant emollients contain ingredients such as urea, glycerol, propylene glycol or lactic acid that attract and hold water in the top layer of skin. Some emollients may contain ingredients to reduce itching or prevent infection.
Topical emollients can be used on a daily basis to improve skin hydration in people prone to dry skin. They may also be used in the treatment of skin conditions characterized by dryness or scaliness, such as eczema or psoriasis. Regular use may lessen the use of active topical treatments such as topical corticosteroids.
"These moisturizing ingredients work best when paired together," explains Dr. Libby, which is why you'll often find two or three of them included in a single formula. "Humectants help hydrate and draw moisture into skin, emollients add back moisturizing oils, and occlusives then help seal in moisture to prevent moisture loss."
"Skin care is not one size fits all," says Dr. Campbell. "It depends on why you have dry skin and if you suffer from acne, rosace