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Unit 14 Vital Signs.ppt UPD
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Unit 14 Vital Signs.ppt UPD
Unit 14: Vital Signs - An Overview for Nursing Students
Vital signs are measurements of the body's most basic functions, such as temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure. They reflect the body's physiological status and provide information about the person's current condition or state of health. Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems and evaluating the effectiveness of treatments.
In this unit, you will learn about the following topics:
What are the normal ranges and variations of vital signs for different age groups and situations.
What are the factors that affect vital signs and how to account for them.
How to measure vital signs using various methods and equipment.
How to document and report vital signs accurately and promptly.
How to identify and respond to abnormal or critical vital signs.
By the end of this unit, you will be able to:
Demonstrate competence in measuring vital signs using appropriate techniques and devices.
Interpret vital signs data and recognize deviations from normal or expected values.
Communicate vital signs findings clearly and concisely to other health care professionals.
Apply critical thinking and clinical judgment skills to prioritize nursing interventions based on vital signs assessment.
This unit is based on the following sources:
Vital signs - SlideShare[^1^]
Unit 2: Vital signs[^2^]
PPT - VITAL SIGNS PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:5391301[^3^]
How to Measure Vital Signs
Vital signs should be taken when the individual is at rest and hasn't eaten, drank, smoked or exercised within the last 30 minutes. To recap, normal vital sign ranges for average healthy adults are:
Body temperature: 97.8 F to 99.1 F, with an average of 98.6 F
Respiration rate: 12 to 18 breaths per minute
Pulse rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
Blood pressure: 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg
The following are some general guidelines on how to measure vital signs using various methods and equipment:
Body Temperature
Body temperature can be measured by mouth (oral), under the arm (axillary), in the ear canal (tympanic) or on the forehead (temporal) using a digital thermometer designed for these specific uses. The readings can vary depending on which one of these is used.
Oral: Place the tip of the thermometer under the tongue and close the mouth. Wait until the thermometer beeps or signals that the reading is complete. Remove the thermometer and read the temperature on the display.
Axillary: Place the tip of the thermometer in the center of the armpit and bring the arm down to hold it in place. Wait until the thermometer beeps or signals that the reading is complete. Remove the thermometer and read the temperature on the display.
Tympanic: Gently pull the ear back and up to straighten the ear canal. Insert the tip of the thermometer into the ear canal and press the button. Wait until the thermometer beeps or signals that the reading is complete. Remove the thermometer and read the temperature on the display.
Temporal: Press and hold the button on the thermometer and gently swipe it across the forehead from one temple to the other. Release the button and read the temperature on the display.
Respiration Rate
Respiration rate is the number of breaths a person takes per minute. It can be measured by counting how many times the chest rises and falls in one minute.
Observe or feel the chest movement of the person while they are relaxed and unaware of being monitored.
Count how many times the chest rises (one inhalation) and falls (one exhalation) in one minute. You can use a stopwatch or a watch with a second hand to time yourself.
Record the respiration rate as breaths per minute.
Pulse Rate
Pulse rate is the number of times a person's heart beats per minute. It can be measured by feeling a pulse point on the body where an artery is close to
the skin, such as on the wrist or neck.
Place two fingers (index and middle) on a pulse point, such a